Transmission mechanism



Oct. 2l, 1941.` E. R. BuRTNl-:TT 2,259,733

TRANsMrssIoN MEGHANISM Filed May 29, 193s 4 sheets-sheet 2 l INVENTOR Uct. 21, 1941. E. yR. BuR'rNE-r' TRANSMISSION MECHANISM Filed May 29, 1939 4 sheets-sheet s .m2 .is me Oct. '21, 1941. E. R. BuRTNl-:T'r

V TRANSMISSION MEcHANIsM Filed May 29, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 1NVENT0R -wn Y .w wn.

wwl m Patented Oct. 2l, 1941 TRANSMISSION MECHANISM Everett R. Burtnett, Los Angeles, Calif., assgnor of one-half to Edith Glynn Burtnett, Los

Angeles, Calif.

Application May 29, 1939, Serial No. 276,2791/2 21 Claims.

This invention relates to motor vehicles and has particular relation to a novel form of automatically controlled transmissionl mechanism to initially establish the drive operative to propel the vehicle from a standstill or from a free-rolling state that is little more than a standstill.

.might manifest themselves against easy shift of gear elements in the manually controlled unit under facilitation of a manual disengagement of the engine-to-manual controlled transmission clutch are held at a minimum; to provide for so-called manual parking, i. e., manual clutch and gear shift operations to alternat ward and reverse to park the ca to the curb; and having an automatically variable change speed transmission unit for manual shift preestablishment, in the manually controlled transmission unit that is in driven relation with the vehicle engine, and forming automatically variable change speed transmission mechanism, when so established, that is automatically operable to establish itself initially operative to propel the tive therein of the engine being accelerated above idling range speeds, and by which the customary manual declutching operation to temporarily disconnect the manually controlled variable transmission unit from the engine would have the effect of overruling the otherwise resultants of the automatically variable transmission unit to establish the drive between the engine crankshaft and the propeller shaft of the motor vehicl.

Another object of the invention is to provide a manual gear shift transmission unit under control of a spring` engaged manually disengageable between forvehicle only when certain conditions culminafriction clutch to take the power from the engine and give either, constant ratio two-way gear drive connections between the engine and the propeller shaft, or establish mobilized driving connections between the engine and the propeller shaft through an automatically variable change speed transmission unit that is adapted to take the power from the manually controlled transmission and that is accordingly adapted to idle with the tance means for the automatically variable transmission unit that is automatically controlled by the speed of its idling mobilized connections and the load become operative. All such that automatic connections to start the vehicle and automatic disconnections to disconnect the vehicle from the engine at predetermined low M. P. H. are provided for over, and in the transmission beyond, a single power take-olf from the engine that constitutes a spring engaged manually disengageable friction clutch.

yAnother object of the invention is to provide an automatically variable change speed transmission mechanism to be manually established in, or out of, mobilized drive operative connections between the vehicle engine and the vehicle propeller shaft, having reactance means automatically inoperative as long as those mobilized connections maintain within a predetermined range of idling speeds, and whose first automatic'function is to establish its own reactance operative for its initial gear drive operation to propel the vehicle propeller shaft.

Another object of the invention is to prgvide an automatically variable change speed transmission mechanism to be controlled: to initially assume propulsion of the load by normally automatically inoperative reactance means for initial gear drive in the transmission becoming automatic speed vresponsively operable when the power train relation of the transmission is accelerated in speed above an idling range.

Another object of the invention is to provide an automatically variable transmission to complete initial driving connections from the engine through to the propeller shaft of the vehicle, incorporating a particular epicyclic gear train having a ring'drive gear member adapted to receive the power only at the rate of torque developed by the engine and having asun pinion reaction gear member thereby adapted to constrain the planet gears of the particular epicyclic train to assume the load only under power input at the rate of torque developed by the engine, to obtain the advantage of the comparatively low lever arm value of the naturally smaller gear pitch diameter sun gear to give reactance to the first gear function under engine torque rate, thereby providing for this particular reactancebeing required to absorb only'a minimized ratio of the engine torque rate in order to induce the particular gear train to assume the load; with. automatic brake means vto apply reactance exclusively to this particular engine until normally inoperative initial reac- 55 by the speed of the transmission means, imparting the engine power to this particular gear train, and

the load thereon, whereby the coeflicient of slippreventing brake reactance requirement, under speed and load control, to constrain the drive to initially assume propulsion of the vehicle will, correspondingly with the differential between lever arm values, respectively, of the ring or an- Another and especially importantA advantage of the adaptation of the reactanceto-gear drive to be speed and load responsive automatic means controlled in turn to automatically and gradually constrain the transmission to likewise gradually apply the power for initial propulsion of the vehicle, as from a standstill, is the compatibility of such to retaining the customary spring engaged and manually disengageable friction (master) clutch at the engine flywheel and as the single power takeoff from the engine crank shaft and which, with 'attending compatibility, lends to retaining a manually controlled transmission unit as the first driven unit beyond the engine crank shaft for easy manual shift control, while at the same time providing for automatic establishment and disestablishmentl of the transmission connections from the engine crankshaft through to the propeller shaft of the vehicle under the control of the speed of power energized transmission connections and the load.

Another object of the invention is to provide an automatically variable rchange speed transmission mechanism for driving the propeller shaft of a vehicle and which is adapted to be established only in forward driven relation with the engine crank shaft and then after manual shift pre-establishment through a manually controlled variable transmission unit thatis positioned in driven relation to the engine crankshaft before the automatically variable transmission mechaantenas engine crankshaft to avoid any appreciable mass and consequent high inertias, should have complete independence from the driving train speed responsive automatic means to avoid speed coniiictions in parts to be shift selected, and should have solely a manually disengageable spring engaged friction clutch for disestablishing and establishing the manual shift selective parts in connection with the engine. The present invention embraces all these features as objects.

Another object of thev invention is to combine an automatically variable change speed transmission mechanism to drive the propeller shaft of the vehicle, with a manually controlled variable transmission interpositioned between the engine crankshaft and integral flywheel therewith and master clutch on the driving end and automatically variable change speed transmission mechanism and the propeller shaft of the vehicle for manual selective pre-establishment through the interposing manually controlled variable transmission on the driven end, and to pro- .,vide a forward gear drive of the intermediately constant ratio of speed, and which will tender nism, and which manually controlled variable transmission unit is alternatively shift establishable in reverse which will drive the vehicle rearwardly at a constant ratio of engine and in so driving the 've icle it will do so by connecting the propeller shaft of the vehicle to the engine crankshaft wholly independently of the automatically variable transmission mechanism. One particular advantage of this independently drive connecting reverse being its lending to parking the vehicle in gear against the engine compression as a brake, avoiding the complexity of providing accessories for rendering the forward drive automatically lvariable change speed transmission system cooperative in establishing reverse.

In an automatic motor vehicle transmission for automatically establishing the forward drive 'connections to initially assume propulsion of the vejhicle in response to speed of driving train connections, so that manual declutching is not required when the transmission is"established in forward, the manual shift reverse gear and an alternative manual shift constant ratio forward gear should be provided for manual parking, should comprise as light a gear construction as possible, should be next in driven relation to the eed relative to the arresting of any tendency of the vehicle to move in either direction against the compression of the either the second or the fourth speeds out of gear can be made to omit the second speed and maintain the low speed in effect until the automatic function takes place that would normally change the gear ratio from second speed to fourth speed and then, instead of establishing fourth speed, establish third speed and further which, if facilitated with certain conditions, will automatically change the /gear ratio from third speed to fourth speed.

Another object of the invention is to combine a progressively varying change speed transmission mechanism which will normally automatically change the gear ratio from a normally nextbefore-high speed ratio to high speed ratio, with mechanism controlled by an electro-magnet, and preferably for operation incidental to the operator actuating the implement for controlling the position of the throttle'of the vehicle engine into or beyond a certain position in keeping with open` ling the throttle. which will abnormally establish 'an intermediate speed ratio in the stead of high speed ratio that is otherwise unobtainable in the transmission excepting by' employment of the electro-magnet at a time when normally high speed ratio would prevail, and which intermediate speed ratio would constitute thel highest intermediate speed ratio obtainable being only slightly speeds without imposing too great a speed diex-,

ential take-up on the part of the vehicle engine.

ing train of the automatically variable transmis` sion means will tend to rotate backwards under manifestations of the transmission operating in reverse gear, a one-way operable device which will automatically prevent the aforesaid driving train from rotating backwards under the named inuences.

Another object of the invention is to provide a transmission mechanism for connecting the vehicle `engine and the vpropeller shaft of the vehicle which may have those connections mobilized to so function but disabled by absence of react.

ance to gear drive within the driving connections and in which, such reactance' is automatically vestablishable by centrifugally operable weights carried in rotation with certain of the mobilized driving connections, all such that increasing the speed of the vehicle engine above its idling speeds range will automatically accomplishlinitial 'oro pulsion of the vehicle.

Another object' of the invention is to provide a change speed transmission having a plurality of epicyclic gear trains in series for rst and progressively additional selective gear elements of the plurality of trains to be automatically locked 2 to rotate as a unit thereby to normally progressively automatically change the gear ratio up, -ward until a maximum high speed ratio has been established and in which, a selective delockable number of gear elements, of those in a locked status participating in the maximum high speed ratio and differing numerically from the gear elements for gear function to render any otherwise establishable speed ratio, are adapted to be Adelocked .only at the option of the operator to render, by their singular gear function at one time, a solely optionally obtainable speed ratio alternative to the maximum high speed ratio.

Another object of the invention is to produce a change speed transmission incorporating a combine of spring engaged clutch parts, when engaged, operable under certain conditions to give a power transmission drive coupling function, with an electro-magnetically operablemechanism for.

' ing is desired.4

Another object ofthe invention is to produce an automatically and optionally variable change speed transmission combining an incorporation of both an automatic speed responsive clutch whose two clutch parts are adapted to engage only when operated in substantial synchronism and a spring normally engaged clutch also whose two clutch parts are adapted to engage only when operated in substantial synchronism whereby, the

automatic speed responsive clutch may be adapted to establish a certain speed ratio operable upon a temporary reduction in the speed of the driving member relative to the driven member, whereby the spring engaged clutch may be adapted to be disengaged solely thereby to abnormally disestablish that certain speed ratio to allow another speed ratio to come into play and whereby, conversely, the spring engageable clutch may be adapted to reestablish said certain speed ratio also operable upon a temporary reduction in the speed of the driving member relative to the driven member.

Another object of the invention is to produce,

in a transmission means for automatically completing initial drive inducing connections between the power source and the load that will be in dependency upon reactance to gear drive func.. tion being established, a combine of a complementary one-way stop brake rendering reactance means, a complementary system of frictionallyengageable elements for completing the reactance means connections through the complementary one-way stop brake means and automatic speed responsive means for energizing engagement of the friction elements whereby a, full complement of operating connections may be mobilized' for drive between the vehicle engine and the driving wheels of the vehicle, while the engine and the portions of those mobilized operative connections therefrom up to the point of reactance to gear drive may idle rotatively without incurring motivation upon the vehicle.

Further objects and advantages of my invention will be more apparent hereinafter as the following detailed description of the several illustrated embodiments of my invention progresses, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings in which:

'Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of one form of transmission mechanism according to this invention providing three sub-ratios and a direct drive as the automatic change speed range, with the sub-ratio (third forward speed) that is next-in-ratio under-gear to direct drive (fourth speed) normally omitted from the progressive change speeds and obtainable as an alternative to direct drive by supplying electrical energy to the electro-magnet, andproviding manually selective forward second speed ratio and reverse gears, both of constant ratios and obtainable independently of the-automatically variable transmission gearing, as alternatives to establishment of the automatic change speed range, all manually establishable in the manually controlled variable transmission means that is intermediately disposed between the engine clutch and the automatically variable means;

Figure 2 is a sectional end elevation on line 2 2 of Fig. 1, showing a suitable form of automatic speed responsive clutch mechanism for normally establishing direct drive and whose two clutch members are adapted to engage only when operated in substantial synchronism and also showing a suitable no-back device operating on the rim of a member of the driving train to the automatically variable transmission means unit whose undesired tendency is to rotate backwards incidental to operation of the manually controlled variable transmission means unit in reA verse and which no-back device will be described further on in the specification;

Figure 3 is a sectional end elevation on line 3-3 of Fig. 1, illustrating in particular a suitable one-way stop subfbrake mechanism, :and in elevation a friction disk of the unit bf frictionally. engageable elements for completing the reactance connections to a respective epicyclic gear train through the one-way sub-brake device therefor; Y

showing the shiftable positive type clutch member and showing, in section, the jaws of the mating engageable clutch member that intersect the plan view exposed periphery of the shiftable clutch member; A

Figure 6 is a sectional end elevation of a first modied form of transmission mechanism according to this invention providing two subratios, respectively constituting second and third forward under-gear ratios, and a direct drive as the automatic changel speed range, with the intermediate speed ratio of the automatically variable speed range, and constituting the third forward speed of this transmission, reestablishable as an alternative to direct drive at the option of the operatorby supplying electrical energy to the electro-magnet, and providing `selective constant first speed (low) and constant second forward speed ratios and reverse gear also a constant ratio and each obtainable independently of the automatically variable transmission gearing, as alternatives to establishment of the automatic change speed range, all pre-establishable in the manually controlled variable transmission means that is intermediately disposed between the engine and the automatically variable ,transmission means;

Figure 7 is a fragmentary sectional end elevation on line 1 1 of Fig. 6, illustrating a suitable no-back for preventing undesired backwards rotation tendencies on the part of the driving train element of the automatically variable transmission means unit of this modiiiedform of the invention when the manually controlled variable transmission means is operating in reverse;

Figure 8 is a fragmentary sectional end elevation on line 8-8 of Fig. 6, illustrating a suitable form of one-way stop sub-brake mechanism complementary to establishable individual reactance means for the first driving epicyclic gear train;

Figure 9 is a fragmentary sectional end elevation on line 9-9 of Fig. 6, illustrating a suitable y -form of master one-way stop brake mechanism;

Figure 10 is a fragmentary sectional-end elevation on line I0--I0 of Fig. 6, illustrating a suitable form of automatic speed responsive clutch mechanism for normally establishing direct drive and whose two clutch members are adapted to engage only when operated in substantial synchronism;

Figure 11 is a fragmentary plan view on line II-II of Fig. 6, .showing the spring engaged clutch for disengagement by the electro-magnet to bring the intermediate speed of the three speed automatic change speed range into substitution for direct drive; I

Figure 12 is a sectionalslde elevation of another (second) modied form of transmission lishable only at the option of the operator by supplying electrical energy to the electro-magnet, and providing manually selective emergency low (first forward speed) and reverse gears, both of constant ratios and obtainable independently of the automatically variable transmission gearing,

` as alternatives to the automatic change speed range, all pre-establishable in the manually controlled variable transmission means that is disposed between the engine and the automatically variable transmission means;

Figure 13 is a fragmentary sectional end elevation on line I3-I3 of Fig. 12, illustrating a suitable form of automatic speed responsive clutch mechanism for normally establishing direct drive and whose two parts are adapted to engage only when operated in substantial synchronism;

Figure 14 is a sectional end elevation on line H-Il and line Ilaila of Fig. 12, illustrating a suitable formof one-way stop individual reactance brake apparatus, respectively, for each ofthe two epicyclic gear train embodiments of `the latter is supplied with electrical energy.

Transmission form asin Figures 1 to 5 These figures illustrate an embodiment of the present invention in a combined manually controlled and automatically variable change speed transmission especially designed for yuse in a motor vehicle. Wherein the manually controlled gearset is positioned between the 'engine clutch and is selectively connectable to the automatically variable change speed gearset or the driven shaft for propelling the vehicle. In direct drive selection of the manually controlled gearset it serves to couple the primary driving member of the automatically variablegearset to be driven from the engine clutch, in turn the vehicle propelling driven shaft to be driven by the automatically variable gearset. While selected in either forward or reverse gear drives the manually controlled gearset renders the automatically variable gearsetl disestablished from the drive, and establishes the variable propelling driven shaft in connection with the engine clutch drivingly through one or the other .of the said forward and reverse gear drives of the manually controlled gearset. The engine crankshaft is shown at I6 and the driven shaft which is connected to the vehicle wheel driving axles through the usual propeller shaft and differential is indicated'at Il, while the customary clutch or first lintermediate shaft from the engine is indicated at IB. The driven shaft l1 is seen to extend through and as an axle element to gearing surmechanism according to this invention providing rounding an intermediate portionrofsaine/uitg it terminates in the usual spigot bearing relatio in the contiguously recessed end of the clutch shaft I8 and in which close relation the driven shaft II is adapted to be established in either constant and two-way drive` operative forward gear or reverse gear connection with the clutch shaft Il, each' independently of the 'gearing aforesaid surrounding the intermediate portion of the driven shaft I1.

A conventional clutch A ,for normally coupling the clutch shaft II to the flywheel II, the latter comprises a bottom pressure Afriction face 20 of the flywheel I9, a clutch shell 2| secured to the i flywheel I9, a presser clutch member 22 mounted to rotate with, but longitudinally movable in, the shell 2|, springs 23 compressed between the shell '2l and presser plate 22 urging the latter forwardly to clutch pack a driven clutch disk 24 against the ywheel I9, the driven clutch disk 24 carried in connection to rotate with the `clutch shaft I8, throw-out or clutch release fingers 25 fulcrumed on rails 28 which are in turn secured to the shell 2| and clutch throw-out instrumentalities 21 and 28 the latter to be actuated forwardly by the operator, or by' some suitable power'media under control of the operator, and under pressure the instrument 21 to take the forward thrust of part 28 and in turn actuate the ngers 28.

The manually controlled gearset as of Figure 1 Driven by the clutch shaft I8 is a manually controlled variable transmission mechanism or gearset B, preferably comprising, a parallel countershaft gear cluster of a countershaft driving gear 29, a constant ratio second speed -plnion gear 30 and a reverse drive pinion gear 3I, with a parallel reverse idler gear 32 in mesh with the reverse drive pinion 3|, and a longitudinally shiftable driven gear 33 adapted to be in neutral with respect to the constant ratio forward and reverse pinions 30 and 32 when positioned longitudinally therebetween and concentrically disposed around the axis of the forwardly projecting portion of the driven shaft I1. Clutch teeth 34 are formed on the rearward end of the clutch shaft I8 and clutch teeth 35 are formed on a relatively rearwardly longitudinally spaced portion of the driven shaft I 1. A longitudinally shiftable clutch member 36 having forwardly disposed internal. clutch teeth 31 corresponding and, in a rearward position, for engagement with the clutch teeth 34 and having rearwardly disposed internal clutch teeth 38 corresponding and for engagement, in a forward position, with the clutch teeth 35, forming a clutch member, when in said rearward position of itsA longitudinally shiftable range, for rotation relative to but carried onthe driven shaft I1, and forming a shiftable jaw clutch member carrying the longitudi' nally shiftable driven gear 33 rotatable therewith but to be shifted longitudinally relative to the carrying clutch member 38.

The manually controlled va le transmission means of this Aembodiment of the Ipresent invention is completed by a drive gear 38 rotatable `with the clutch shaft I8 and in :constant mesh with the -countershaft drive gear 29. When both the shiftable gear 33 and clutch member 38 are in an intermediate position of their longitudinally shiftable range, the manually'controlled gearset B is in neutral. Shifting the clutch member 38 into its forward position will take its clutch teeth 31 out of engagement with the clutch teeth 34 and bring its clutch ,teeth 38 into engagement with the clutch teeth 35 of the driven shaft I1. Thereupon, shifting the gear 33 into its forward position will establish it in mesh with the constant ratio second speed pinion 38, and due to the engaged status of the clutch teeth 35 and 38 and the gear 33 being rotatable with the clutch member 38, thereby establish the driven shaft` I,1 in two-way drive second speed ratio connection with the clutch shaft I8 through gears 33, 38, 28: and 38.n r alternatively, with the clutch member 38 still in its forward position. shifting the gear 33 into its 'rearward position will establish it in mesh with the reverse idler gear 32, thereby establishing the driven shaft I1 in two-way drive reversing gar connection with the clutch shaft I8 through gears 33, 32, 3I, 29 and' 39. In its rearward position, in which it is shown, the clutch member 36 being in clutch tooth engagement at its forward end with the clutch shaft I8, is adapted at its rearward clutch teeth 38 to establish the automatically variable change speed transmission mechanism or gearset C in connection with the clutch shaft I8, while the concurrently intermediately positioned gear 33 will have established the constant ratio forward and reverse gear ratios of Athe manually controlled gearset B in neutral.

It will be seen that in either the forward secmanually controlled gearset. B their connections will be wholly independent of the automatically variable gearset `C thus singularly rendering the positive two--way drive connections between the clutch and driven shafts I8 and I1, thereby providing the utility of the engine compression as a brake either while the vehicle is in motion or to park in gear, as long as the clutch A is left in engagement.

The automatic range in Figure 1 For establishment in or out -of direct drive coupled relation with the ,clutch shaft I8, only -when the gear 33 is disengaged from gears 30 and 32, is a driving bell or spider 40 having a hub `portion 4I on the periphery of the forward end of which are cut clutch teeth 42 to be engaged by the clutch teeth 38 of the clutch member 36 of the manually controlled gearset B when said clutch member is in its rearward position.

From a rearward point of this driving bellshaped continuity 40 of intermediate shafting, three epicyclic gear trains D, E- andv F are provided in tandem series each to give a moderate reduction of speed and torque multiplication and to successively transmit the power forwardly until the most forwardly disposed epicyclic train F drives the driven shaft I1 through a preferably permanently made up connection with the latter. 'I'he first driving epicyclic train D comprises a ring, internal or annulus drive or input gear member 43, an independently rotatable sun pinion reaction or pivotal gear member 44 and planet gears 45 operatively connecting the gears 43 and 44 and carried b and respectively rotatably mounted on, a r atably mounted driven member 46. The second driving epicyclic train C comprises a ring, internal or annulus drive or input gear member 41, an individual reaction or pivotal sun pinion gear member 48. and planet gears 49 operatively connecting the gears 41 and .48 and carried by, and respectively rotatably mounted on, a rotatably mounted driven member 58. While the third driving or final driven epicyclic train F comprises a ring. internal or annulus drive or input gear member 5I, an individual reaction or pivotal s un pin'ion gear member 52 'and planet gears 53 operatively connecting the with the driven shaft I1. Preferably these three epicyclic gear trains are in permanent connection, one to `drive the next. To these ends the planet carrierl '46 of Athe rst drivingepicyclic train D is integral with the drive gear41 of the epicyclic train E, while the planet carrier 58 of the second drivingepicyclic train E isintegral with the drive gear I of the flnaldriven epicyclic train F.

Assuming that the sun reaction gear members of all three epicyclic trains D, E and F are held against rotating retrograde and under input of 5 power to the primary drive gear member 43 at the speed of and from the engine shaft I6 through the clutch A, clutch shaft I8, clutch member 36 and driving bell 40, the combined speed reduction of the three epicyclic trains D, E and F will 10 amount to an exemplary first (lowforward) speed reduction ratio of approximately 3:00. This is based on 108 and 36 teeth of the ring and sun gears 43 and 44, respectively; 84 and 48 teeth of the ring and sun gears 41 and 48, respectively; 15 and 63 and 27 teeth of the ring and sun gears 5I and 52, respectively'. The reduction ratio of the epicyclic train D`being approximately 1:375; the reduction ratio of the epicyclic train E being approximately 1:572; and the reduction ratio of the 20 epicyclic train F being approximately 11428. Accordingly, the reactance means for holding the sun reaction gear 44 of the firstA speed reducing and torque multiplying train D will be required to tender only approximately .375 holding coeflicient relative to 1. power delivery coefli'cient in the primary drive gear 43, and since the latter is adapted in this embodiment of the invention -to be directly driven from the engine crankshaft I6, reactance means for preventing retrograde rota- 3 tion on the part of the independently rotatable reaction sun gear 44 will require but a .375 coefiiv ciency of brake effect, compared to the torque developed by the engine, in constraining the flnst driving' epicyclic train D to transmit the full 35 power to the next epicyclic train E. .This minimized reactance requirement makes for a praitically applied application of a unit of friction ..tionary end plate 56 that detachably closes the open end 51 of the rearward bell-shaped portion 50 of the stationary gear box 58. And further makes for a practically applied application of means automatically controlled by the speed of the driving train to the epicyclic train D and thel load for energizing engagement of the friction' 55- brake unit G to obtain driving train speed responsive automatic establishment of the low speed gear ratio to initially propel the vehicle, which will be hereinafter described.

Returning to the gear ratios obtainable from 60,

the three epicyclic gear trains D, E and F, constituting the automatically variable change speed gearset unit'C of this embodiment of the invention, it will be found, in accordance with the exemplary ratios of the respective epicyclic trains 65 hereinbefore given, that selective first locking of the gear elements of train D to rotate as a unit will obtain overrunning at the one-way sub-brake H and leave the gear elements of trains E and F gear functioning to now give a second speed gear 70 ratio of approximately 2:24. Here again it will be seen that the low lever arm value of the 36 toothed sun gear member 44 of the first torque multiplying epicyclic train D, as compared to the 108 toothed primary input gear member 43, pro- 75 motes a condition whereby the ring gear 43 will operate to directly transmit approximately '15 per cent of the power residing in the driving member directly through the planet gears 45 to the driven member 46, leaving only the 25 per cent lever arm value of the sun gear 44, if established individually driven from the driving bell 40 at the same speed as the ring gear 43, for

means for coupling the sun gear 44 to rotate with the driving member 40 to transmit. This minimized ratio requirement on the part of means for coupling the sun gear 44 to be individually rotated with the driving member 40, thereby to lock the gear elements of train Dto rotate as a unit to consequently change the gear ratio from low speed (3:00) to second speed (2:24) between the driving train comprising the engine shaft I6, the clutch A, the clutch shaft I8, the clutch member 36 and the'driving bell v4I! and the driven shaft I1, makes for a practically applied application of a clutch system of frictionally-enagageable elements J between the driving bell 40 and the sun gear 44 for coupling these two members together. It also makes for a practically applied application of means automatically controlled by the speed of the driving train and the load for energizing engagement of this clutch unit J,'so that the first automatic change speed of the automatic range, i. e., from low speed to second speed may be accomplished transitionally under torque, which is important if constant vehicle acceleration from zero to say 25 to 30 M. P. H. is to be had and at which speed attainment it il usually advantageous to change to fourth (direct drive). The friction clutch unit J and automatic means for engaging same will be hereinafter described 1n detail.

'I'hat fourth speed (direct drive) establishment may succeed second speed at any time and at optional vehicle speed attainments, this form of the present invention incorporates preferably an automatic speed responsive clutch unit K between the individual driving member 40 to the 'automatically variable speed gearset C 4and the ring or drive gear member 5I of the final driven epicyclic train F. With further preference, this clutch unit K embraces a type whose two clutch members 59 and 60 are adapted to engage only when operated in substantial synchronism. In accordance with the second gear ratio, by joint gear function of the two epicyclic trains E and F, being a free-wheeling speed, i. e., permitting the driving member 40 and clutch parts 59 that are rotatable therewith to reduce in speed with the engine relative to the speed of the driven clutch part and the driven shaft I1 until the clutch parts 59 and 60 reach substantial synchronism, when the engine is temporarily allowed to decelerate. Such construction provides that second speed may be maintained as long as the power is not shut off sufficiently to result in a temporary torque-reversal and renders the automatic change from second speed to fourth speed a controlled automatic change speed under manipulation of the. accelerator.

A suitable formxof clutch K is illustrated in detail in Fig. 2 and comprises substantially diametrically opposite slots formed between guides 6I cut in the end wall 4Ic of the driving bell 40, the slots between the guides 6I receiving the engaging movable clutch parts 59 provided in the form 4oi' centrifugally actuated pawls or dogs, guides 6I therefore being cut in the portion 4Ic of the driving bell 40, whereby the latter constitutes a driving member pawl cage 4Ic carrying each spring acting on the head 63 of a screw bolt 54 threadedly engaging suitable openings in extensions 65, yoke portions 56 being also provided with suitable openings so as to slidably receive the respective bolts 54 and springs 462 cooperating therewith.

Each pawl 59 has an outer cam face 51 so that the bore of the annulus of the driven engageable clutch part 50 which is adapted to rotate clockwise at reduced speed, while the driving engaging clutch pawls 59 are carried clockwise by the pawl cage 4|c at greater speed. will tend to keep the pawls 59 in their inwardly retracted positions to maintain a disengaged state of the clutch K until the driving member 4|c is temporarily reduced in speed for thei parts 59 and 60 to reach substantial synchronism and engage. The springs 62 being adapted toactuate the pawls 59 rule the function of clutch J engaging to normally change the gear ratio from low speed to second speed and instead would retain the transmission unit C in low speed until the clutch K is 'allowed' A to engage upon a torque-reversal. L ow speed may be optionally retained as long as desired therefore by the operator exercising his will`to obtain disengagement of clutch L while maininwardly out of clutch engagement with the anv nulus 50 when the engaged clutch mass reaches a predetermined slow speed of rotation and there is no appreciable torque in the transmission.4

Slots 68 to receive the pawls 59 are formed in the driven clutch part annulus 60 which is integral with the ring or drive gear 5| of the final driven epicyclic train F.

When the clutch K engages, thusnormally establishing fourth speed (direct drive), the long lever arm value of the ring gear 5|, now being directly coupled to primarily take the power, from the driving bell 49 to the automatically variable gearset C; will operate to appreciably reduce the proportion of the engine Power as residing in the driving bell 40 that is apportioned for transmission through the locked epicyclic engaged to individually drive the sun gear` 44 directly from the driving bell 40, will be required to transmit only its share with the ring gear 49 of the power required to drive the sun gear 52 at the speed oi the now directly connected driving bell 4|! and ring gear 5|, which apportionment of power to the clutch J, inaccordance withthe exemplary gear sizes hereinbefore given, will amount to approximately 8 per cent of that delivered from the source to the driving bell 40. It willv be seen therefore that in fourth speed (direct drive) the friction clutch J will have little inclination to slip even when the engine is operated at maximum torque. 4

'I'he clutch J', whose initial function is to establish second speed supplantively over first speed and whose subsequent function is to help hold the gear elements ofthe train D locked so that the sun gear 52 will be connected to rotate at the speed, and in the same direction as, the driving bell 40, together with the function' of the clutch K separately locking the ring gear 5| to rotate with the driving bell 40, in the establishment of fourth speed (direct drive), will be seen to depend upon an engaged state of a jaw or dog clutch L to extend its friction clutch function from direct association wit the driving bell'49 to the sun gear 44 through th bottom and presser brake elements 69 and 1| of the friction brake unit G. Therefore optional disengagement of the clutch unit L would operate to cancel the taining sufcient torque to prevent torquereversal and consequent engagement of clutch K.v In a similar manner, disengagement of clutch L following engagement of both clutches J and K will overrule the function of clutch J,- obtain release of thegear elements of train D and rnder only the gear train F gear functional under its direct input from the driving bell 40 to its individual ring gear 5| through clutch K and individually obtaining reactance from the master one-way brake I, while the gear elements of trains D and E idle.

, This singular gear function on the part of train F, in accordance with the hereinbefore given exemplary gear ratios of the respective epicyclic trains, constitutes a third speed ratio undergear of approximately 1:42. Thus I have described in general the manner in which the automatically variable transmission means C embodiment of this form of my present invention will normally progressively change the gear ratio between the driving bell 40 and the driven shaft |1 from low speed -to second speed to fourth speed (direct drive), and may at the will of .the operator be' either caused to maintain in low speed inplace, the clutch L is designed for its -twb clutch parts to be adapted to engage only when operated in substantial synchronism, whereby the operator may terminate prolonged use of low speed or optional use of third speed at will by allowing a temporary'reduction in the speed of the engine and connected driving bell 40 relative to the speed of the driven shaft I1 to obtain said substantial synchronism of the parts of the clutch L.

Referring now to the friction brake unit G, a

suitable form comprises a bottom pressure frietion plate 59 rotatable with the sun gear 44 and having rearwardly projecting bosses 10, a friction brake presser plate 1| correspondingly cut to engage the bosses 10'of the bottom plate 69, Y

`operable weights 15 having their feet portions 11 wedged between the first presser plate 15 and the back plate 14, an intermediate plate 18 normally rotatable relative to the driving bell 40 and adapted to be normally connected rotatable w friction brake presser plate 1| through the normally engaged clutch L, and in turn rotatable with the bottom friction brake plate 69 and sun gear 44, and anti-friction thrust bearings 19 and 80, respectively, between the plates 15 and 15 and the plates 18 and 1|,I all whereby centrifugally applied forces acting forwardly onjthe rst presser plate .15 will be exerted through .the bearing 19, plate 18, bearing andv plate 1|-to brake pack the brake disks 12 and'13 to the bottom plate 69. This provides for completing the operative connections of the reactance train to the sun gear 44 from tlie master one-way stop brake I upon the driving bell 40 attaining a predetermined speed of rotation, or more precisely automatically controlled by the speed of the driving bell 40 and the load manifesting in the driven shaft I1 and .the epicyclic gearing of the automatically variable transmission unit C. Accordingly, it provides for automatically initially constraining the epicy'clic gear trains D, E and F to initially assume propulsion of the driven shaft I1 and the load in low gear ratio when the driving train, representing the power source and including the driving bell 40, is accelerated above its idling speeds range.

So' that the forces of the centrifugal weights 16, in energizing engagement of the friction brake unit G, will cancel out in the driving bell 40, an anti-friction thrust bearing 8| is arranged between a radial flange portion 82 of the bottom pressure friction plate 69 and an annular ringv 83 that is rotatable with the driving bell 40.

A suitable form of the clutch unit J comprises a bottom pressure friction plate 84 rotatable with tively, pivoted to the driving bell 40 by a pin 9| and to .the presser plate 85 by a pin 92, a comparatively thick intermediate plate 93 also rotat- Iable with the driving bell 40 and having a radialhole therethrough accommodating a spring 94 adapted to pull inwardly on the pin 90 so that normally the links 88 and 89 will form a dead center toggle restraining the presser plate 84 from yielding to thrust of the centrifugal weights 89, with a set of drive 'and driven friction disks 95 and 90, respectively rotatable with the driving -bell 40 and the intermediate plate 18, on either side of the intermediate plate 93, and respectively, on the forward side thereof to be clutch packed against the bottom plate 84 and on the rearward side thereof to be clutch packed by the presser plate 85 against the intermediate plate 93, and main retractive springs 91, operating through a stud 98 that is threadedly secured to the presser plate 85, to urge the presser plate 85 rearwardly to disengage the clutch unit J. Similarly the presser platel 15, that is associated with accomplishing engagement of the friction brake unit G under the influence of the centrifugal weights 18, is provided with retractive springs |00, operating through a stud I I that is threadedly secured in, and to urge the presser plate 15-*rearwardly.

A suitable construction of the one-way4 stop sub-brake H comprises a cammed hub |02 rotatable with the sleeve-shaped reactance shaft 55, an annulus |00 having a concentric inner race and carrying the reactance giving brake disks 13 rotatable therewith on its splined outer periphery, and roller brake members |04 engaging the hub |02 .and annulus |00.

A suitable form of master one-way stopbrake comprises a concentric hub |05 rotatable with v.the sleeve-shaped reactance shaft55, a stationary 'internally cammed annulus A|06l secured to the gear box end 56, and roller brake members |01 engaging the hub |05 and annulus |08.

A suitame construction lof the clutch unit L '.comprises engageable internal clutch dog or jaw portions |08 cut in the bore of the intermediate driven clutch or thrust plate 18, and a longitudinally shiftable clutch member |09 having corresponding engaging clutch dog or jaw portions III) cut in its forward end, with 4a. groove III in the periphery of its rearwardend and splined to rotate with, but longitudinally shiftable on, the rearwardly extending hub portion II2 of the presser brake plate 1 I.

In a motor vehicle change speed transmission, and especially in connection with an automatically variable change speed transmission wherein progressively the transmission changes through a normal series of gear ratios until high speed ratio is reached and wherein a next-in-speed subratio to high speed omits itself from the normal automatic change speed range but is obtainable at the option of the operator as a substitute for high speed, it is of great advantage if this optional speed ratio may be automatically brought into play as an incident attending manipulation of the implement, such as the accelerator, by which the position of the vehicle engine is controlled, and particularly incidental to the accelerator being actuated into or beyond a certain positionin keeping with opening the throttle. In connection with the clutch unit L for disengagement solely thereby to bring the optional speed ratio into play, the present invention contemplates combining means for automatically disengaging the clutch unit L, under those aforementioned conditions incidental to manipulation of the accelerator, whereby the engine throttle will be opened in accompaniment to the automatic establishment of the optional speed.

A suitable means for rendering this automatic function under sub-control of the accelerator position, and more directly for disengaging the clutch unit L, comprises an electro-magnet M for actuating-mechanism operatively connecting said magnet with the shiftable clutch mem-ber |09. A suitable form of mechanism operatively connecting the magnet M with the clutch mem-ber |09 so that the latter will normally be yieldingly urged to move forwardly into an engaged position with the mating jaws 08 of the driven clutch member 18 to the friction clutch unit C, so that operation of the magnet M will tend to move the clutch member |09 rearwardly out of an engaged position with the member |08, and whereby the pulling force of the magnet will be multiplied in the shifting connections comprises a fixed shift rail I I3 carrying a shifter head I I 4 longitudinally shiftable thereon land having a bifurcatedshifter yoke` portion II5 received in the groove I I| of the clutch member 09. Completing this shifter mechanism are toggle links III and ||1 interconnected by a central pin |28 and, respectively, pivoted one by a pin ||0 to the forward end oi' the fixed shift rail II3 and the other by a pin II9 to the shifter head II4 whereby an urge upon the center pin |23, outward in a radial plane intersecting the axis of the driven shaft I1, will operate to straighten the links I I8 and I I1 out longitudinally, thereby increasing the distance of the pin- |I9 and shifter head |I4 rearwardly from theiixed pin ||8 and consequently urging .the clutch member |08 rearwardly out of an engaged position. With the shaft |20 of the magnet M connected at thecenter pin |23 and adapted, when the magnet M is energized, to urge the pin |28 outwardly as described. A spring I2I encompasses a portion of the shaft |20 and is compressed between a contracted seat in la stationary mounting bracket |22 for the magnet M that is preferably removably secured to the end 56 of the gear box 58. The spring |2| serves to yieldingly retract the magnet shaft |20 out of a magnet operated position, to in turn collapse the toggle linkage of links II6 and `I I1 from a dead center embracing state, in turn moving the shifter head II4 forwardly into the position in which it is shown and in turn yieldingly urging the clutch member |69 yinto an engaged forward position. The invention contemplates that the magnet M for causing disengagement of normally spring engaged parts, to in turn singularly establish an optional speed gear ratio in substitution for a high speed ratio and such an optional speed ratio that will be at variance with any speed ratio that would be constituted of normally progressively changed speeds that would precede establishment of the high speed ratio, be supplied with electrical energy to so operate only ble urge taking with it the planet gears 45 of the train D. At this point it will be seen that while at slow speed in either direction of the driving bell 40 the centrifugal weights 16 will not have a suicient coeflicient to energize engagement of the individual brake ,friction unit G and therefore enabling the sun gear 44 to rotate backwards to absorb this reverse rotation inthe idling epicyclic gearing, still the drag in the friction unit G would in all probability have a coecient sufficient to give some degree of reactance to the sun gear v44 from the one-way stop sub-brake unit H and consequently cause the ring gear 43 to rotatively absorb this idling reverse action of the epicyclic gearing. The driving bell 40, being rotatable with the ring gear 43, and carrying the centrifugal weights 86 that are operable to engage the clutch unit J would, as a. result of suf- When and then incidental to the vehicle engine v throttle control (accelerator) ybeing moved intoI or beyond a certain condition in which the engine throttle would be opened apprecia-bly.l This is with a View of having torque present to assume the propulsion of the vehicle at the optional ratio' established by operation of the magnet lVI in-` stantly that ratio is enabled to assume the drive over the ratio it is adapted-to substitute for. Conversely, for automatically reestablishing the accordingly optionally substituted speed ratio, the

p orarily reduced in speed relative to the speed Aof the driven train associatedvwith the respective gearing to obtain spring automatic reengagement of the respective clutch. Accordingly, the clutch unit L would be constructed so that its two clutch members would have a related mannerism of a pawl and ratchet whereby theyl are adapted to engage only when operated in substantial synchronism.

In the illustrated transmission according to the invention wherein the final driven epicyclic train F, of the plurality comprising the automatically variable speed gearset C, has its planet gears 53 mounted on a member 54 that is permanently rotatable with the driven shaft I1, and wherein the final driven, intermediate and rst driving epicyclic trains F, E and D, in that order, give permanently mobilized connections, backwards so to speak in parallel to the primary power ow from the-driven shaft I1 to the driving bell 4D, it will be observed'that, operation of the driven shaft I 1 in reverse, by establishment of the gear 33 in mesh with the gear 32 while the drivingbell 40 is declutched in consequence of an intermediate position of the clutch member 36 and thereby be free to rotate, will also carry the planet gears 53 in reverse. This will result in a reverse urge of equal value being given to both the ring gear 5| and the sun gear 52. Now, since the sun gear 52 is prevented from rotating backwards by the master one-way stop brake I, the ring gear 5| will respond to this reverse rotatable urge taking with it the planet gears 48 of the intermediate epicyclic train E. Since the sun gear 48 of the intermediate train E is integral with the sun gear 52 and is also prevented from rotating backwards by the master one-way stop brake I, the ring gear 41 of the intermediate epicyclic train will respond to this reverse rotatacient reverse speed, therefore result in centrifugally effected engagement of the clutch unit J, with the conflicting consequences that the gear elements of the gear train D becoming locked by engagement of the clutch unit'J would operate as a brake against the driven shaft being rotated in reverse beyond a given speed. Designed to prevent this backwards rotation of the driving bell 40 and integral ring gear 43, under these reverse rotatable idling conditions in the epicyclic gearing during reverse drive operation of the driven shaft I1; and whereby the sun gear 44 lwill be forced to overrule the drag in its associate disengaged friction brake unit G and absorb the reverse idling rotations transmitted through the epicyclic gearing, is a no-back de- I strument I 25 into a wedging position to prevent backward rotation on the part of the driving bell 40. `A similar provision is illustrated inthe modified form of transmission according to the invention and as illustrated in Fig. 6. The slightly modified form of the no-back device N being that shown in Fig. 7, taken on line 1-1 of Fig. 6. Such a device is not required in the modified form of transmission according to the invention as illustrated in Fig. l2 for the reason of omission4 of the clutch unit J and the operating mannerism of the clutch unit K being such that coniction to reverse drive operation of the driven shaft |1b therein would not develop.

Thus I have described the form of transmission according to the invention as illustrated in Fig-l ures 1 to 5.

Operation of transmission in Fig. 1

` reaction gear 44 will be required to rotate retro-1 grade with respect to the idling forward rotation of the ring gear 43, which idling rotation is permitted on the part of the sun gear 44 by virtue of the centrifugally automatic friction brake unit G being disengaged during idling slow speed rotation of the named constituency of the driving train between and including the engine crankshaft |6` and the ring gear 43.

Having previously declutched at clutchA and having manuallyy shifted the clutch member 3l into its rearward position and having allowed the clutch A to reengage, the operator now has the transmission preestablished as a driving .train speed responsive automatic drive starting and thereafter lautomatically variable change vspeed transmission mechanism.

/To race engine while in gear In accordance with occasions when, for reasons such as a poorly operating engine tending to die zero clutching coesincient toa full torque holding coeillcient almost instantly. The oil lm between ,thexdiiferent engaging faces of the clutch J is depended upon to bgive only enough compensation against the sudden clutch gripping to minimize shock to a negligible point. The toggle controlled release of the centrifugal forces to quickly l engage the clutch J being depended upon, as a primary factor, to minimize vslip of this clutch engagement 1under torque, Engagement of the clutch J ,-thus provided for under constant torque driving conditions, accomplishes connection of the gear elements of the iirst driving epicycllc if not operated under considerable power, while train D, as permitted by the overrunning capacity of the sub-brake unit H, and leaving only the gear trains E and F gear functioning against their reactance as still afforded thereto by the master brake I through the sleeve shaft 55.

l -In this manner the gear ratio betweentheengine shaft vI8 and the driven' shaft i1 is automatically changed under torque at 12 M. P. H. from low speed to second speed.

Re'toinea'low ratio optional l Before describing the further normally progressively automatically accomplishable speed changes, it should be explained at this point that should the operatorl desire to overrule the automatic control normally effective to change the' ratio from low speed :to second speed at 12 M. P. H., he may do sc by momentarily depressing the accelerator suiliciently to accomplish an incidental electrical circuit contact to supply the in its idling range to restore theftransmissio'n to normal for automatic operation. l

Automaticvehicle start in low gear Desiringto start the vehicle, th'operator willaccelerate the engine, resulting in the driving bell 40 and carried centrifugal weights 'I5 attaining a. centrifugal coecient. that will overcome the retractive springs |00, in turn resulting in the force of the weights 16 manifesting through the plate 15, bearing 19, plate 18,*bearing 80 and brake presser plate 1I and consequently engage the friction brake unit G. Reactance is thereby magnet M -with energy, thereby automatically overrule.' function of the clutch J. and prevent establishment of second speed. 'I'he results following energizing of the magnet M are electromagnetic actuation of the clutch .member |08 rearwardly out of an engaged position.' This opens the circuit of connections that would otherwise.be completed by engagement of the clutch J and whereby the gear elements of the epicycllc train D would remain gear functional notwithstanding the clutch J becoming engaged. Itwill be ,seen that the spring engaged and electromagnetically optionally disengageable clutch L speed 'responsively automatically established from the master brake unit I through the sleeve shaft 55, one-way sub-brake .H and now engaged fric tion brake G to the first and individual reaction sun gear 44, \Whereupon initially constrained speed reduction of drive thereby takes'place in the/train D and is successively followed by further speed reductions and torque multiplications in the gear trains E and F until finally the drive shaft I1 is rotated in low gear ratio and accordingly culminates in initial propulsion of the vehicle from a standstill in low (first) gear ratio.

Low to second speed change under tordus When the vehicle has attained a speed of about 12 M. P. H. under acceleration in low (first speed) gear ratio, the driving bell 40 will have a correspondingly higher speed of rotation and at which thel weight concentrated around the axis of the center pin 90, of the toggle linkage associated with the clutch J, will overcome the spring 94 and cause said toggle linkage to be centrifugally t actuated outwardly at its center pin 9U. This collapse of the dead center effect of the links Il and 89 releases the presser plate 85, which at this speed of rotation of the centrifugal weights ",ilnds itself under high pressure urge to move forwardly from the centrifugal weights I6, and

inthe clutch J becoming engaged from a is adapted to render a contemporary clutch function to that of the clutch J and also to that to Vbe rendered bythe clutch K. Since the two members of the clutchQL are adapted to engage only when operated in substantial synchronism, requiring a temporary reduction yin speed of the driving member or train relative to the driven member or train, and' since thejclutch K is also of that type, low speed ratio would consequently prevail, following deenergizing of the magnet M,

and under any degree of power as long as a temporary torque-reversal ywas not permitted to take place. Permitting a temporary reduction in the speed of the driving member relative to the driven member could obtain the engagements of both the clutch 'L'and the clutch K, with consequent establishment of fourth-speed (direct drive) between lthe driving bell 40 and the driven shaft i1. Should this occur, contrary to the operators desire for direct drive to come into play yet, he couldagain momentarily depress the ac celerator sufficiently. to obtain energizing of the magnet M with resultant repeated disengagement of the clutch L, but leaving the clutch K engaged.l 'I'hird speed ratio would be the result by singular gear function of the epicycllc train F, respectively, under1direct power input to the ring gear Il through .the now engaged clutch K from the front end of the driving bell 4l.

u. dw.,

, member.

Controlled automatic change from second to fourth speed Since the automatic speed responsive clutch vK requires that its two clutch members be operatedin substantial synchronism to engage, second speed may be retained at the option ofthe operator regardless of vehicle speed attainment there- 'erator to obtain a temporary reduction iny speed of the driving member "relative to the driven Resulting events would be the `engaging centrifugal weight'clutch parts 58 of the clutch K reducing in carried speed rotatively and the engageable slots 68 either 'remaining at constant speed with or increasing in speed from momentum of the load,` funtily the parts59 and 68 register in substantialvsynchronism, whereupon the centifugal weight,V parts 58 would move into the slots '38. This function of theA clutch' K would establish direct drive input to the ring gear from the driving bell 40, i. e., lock the ring gear 5| to rotate with the driving bell 40. The ring gear 41, havingl previouslybeen locked to rotate with the driving vbell 40 as a result of the clutch J engaging to lock the elements of the train D to rotate as a unit, is now found in that status by thering gear`5| andthe integral planet carrier 50 whereby the elements of the train E become locked to rotate asa unit with the driving bell 40. In consequence the integral sun gears 48 and 52v are locked to rotate with the driving bell 40. A direct drive coupling function by the entire epicyclic gearing ensemble,

thereby comes into being between the drivingvbell 4|! and the driven shaft I1 which amounts to establishment of direct drive fourth speed from they engine shaft I6 through to the driven shaft |1,

progressively supplanting second speed sub-ratio therebetween.

Optional automatic change ,from second tothz'rd speeds ly after second speed, he may relax the accelerl ator to obtain the temporary reduction in speed of/the driving member relative to the driven member, requiredto obtain automatic engage- Kick-dom at waz from fourth speed to third l speed When thetransmission is in fourth speed, the direct drive rendering lock-up of the gear elements of all the epicyclic trains may be broken by supplying current to the magnet M, resulting in the clutch member |09 being moved rearward- Wardly out of an engaged position, and the consequentlyreleased gear elements but singularly ofV the train F will immediately assume propulsion of the driven shaft |1 under the individual l drive of theengaged clutch K. This optional ment-of the clutch K, and immediately thereafter depress the accelerator suciently to obtain the incidental circuit closing for-electrical'energy to v be supplied to the magnet M. 'Ihe successive results would be engagement of the clutch K, but

before the normally resulting fourth speed'could manifest any appreciable driving expression ofl its ratio, the immediately operated magnet M would obtain disengagement of the clutch L and consequently loosen the gear elements of all the gear trains D, E and F over engaged status of clutches J and K and obtain third speed by the singular gear function of the train F now under direct 'input to its ring gear 5|. Desiring fourth speed to establish to supplant this abnormallyprogressively established third speed, the operator would repeat relaxation of the 'accelerator to obtain ,a temporary reduction in the speed of the driving member relative to the driven memberand consequently obtain spring actuated engagement of the clutch L when its. two clutch members reach synchronism.

` tributing drive function. The master clutch A change speed performancecohstituting a kickdown from high gear to the next-in-ratio lower or third gear ratio of the four speedfrange. Normally retains in lfourth speed down to low vehicle speed Due vto thel forces of the centrifugal weights 86 being initially prevented from exercising their efforts to engage the clutch J, at a given speed of the driving bell 4|! when they would normally.

have Lthe'coeii'icient to :do so, byathe normal dead center effect of toggle links 88 and 89, the centrifugal forces of the weights 86 would have sufficient value to maintain the clutch J engaged, even under the lowerdriving member speeds attending fourth speed, until the vehicle had reached a low speed of approximately 10 M. P. H. or even less. This feature, together with the nature of the positive vtype clutch K to remain engaged down to a correspondingly low speed, aords that fourth speed would normally maintain down to approximately 10 M. R. H. In view of the operator being enabled to kick the transmission down from fourth speed to third speedv Manually selectiveconstant ratio second speed Desiringv the most satisfactory compression brake gear or for other reasons desiring to place the vehicle in a constant ratio ysecond speed gear, at any time the operator may declutch at the master clutch? A and manually shift the transmission' out of automatic change speed operation by shifting the clutch member 36, out of the position in whichy it is shown, and into its forward position in which the clutch teeth 38 will be disengaged from the teeth 42 thus establishing the automatic gearset C in neutral, the clutch teeth 31 will be disengagedfrom the teeth 34, and the clutch teeth 38 will beengagedwith the teeth 35 of thedriven shaft |1, lthus connecting the clutch member 3S n rotatable with the driven shaft |1. Thereupon, the gear 33 may be shifted 'forwardly into meshy with the constant ratio second speed countershaft pinion 3|).` The transmission is now established in the constant second speed gear ratio of gears 33, 29, 38 and 33 two-way drive connecting the clutch shaft I8 and the driven shaft |1 and omitting the automatic gearset C from any conmayv now be allowed to engage thus completing the two-Way drive connections of forward speed constant ratio second gear between the engine and the driving wheels of the vehicle.- Thus a constant gear ratio, having thevalue of second forward speed and operable to utilize the engine compression as` a brake upon the vehicle, is obtainable at any time. An especial advantage in ratio reverse gear.

Reverse A,While the clutch member as is in itsforward position, engaging onlyits'clutchv teeth 38 withthe teeth 35 of the driven shaft the gear 33 may be shifted rearwardly, from its intermediate, in neutral position in which it is shown, into mesh with the reverse idler gear 32. This manual shift is facilitated by disengaging the master clutch A as customary in current all manual,

shift transmissions.

Thus I have described in considerable detau the form of transmission according to my in vention which gives four forward speeds in a singular manually established position of automatic change speed range; and which is manually establishable alternatively in either a constant ratio second forward gear or a Aconstant Form as of Figure 6 Referring now to Figures 6 to 11the manually controlled gearset BI is also adapted as the next-in-contiguity and exclusive take rolf from the clutch shaft |8a and in one manual selection clutch members |30 and 30a are shifted into an intermediate position, the intermediate shaft |32 vwill be uncoupled from the clutch shaft |8a, the driving bell 40a will be uncoupled from the intermediate shaft |32 and the intermediate shaft |32 will be coupled directlyto the driven shaft Ila by a rst step engaged state of the clutch teeth 31a with the clutch teeth 35a. This leaves the ltransmission still in neutral butestablishes the intermediate shaft |32 in connection to transmit, the results of any gear drive of the manually controlled gearset BI, that may be subsequently established between the clutch shaft |0a and the intermediate shaft |32, directly to the driven shaft Ila.

Let us assume that the clutch members |30 and 36a are in their intermediate positions, respectively, uncoupling the intermediate shaft |32 from the clutch shaft |8a, uncoupling the driving to deliver the power in direct drive coupling through clutch teeth `|28 on the clutch shaft |8a interlocked by the internal teeth |20 of a shiftable clutch member |30, whose internal teeth |29 are slidable in corresponding external teeth |3| that are rotatable with a sub-intermediate shaft 32, and thence through the second direct drive coupling clutch member`36a 'which is rotatable with, and slidably mounted on the rearward end of, the` intermediate shaft |32 and therefrom through engaged clutch teeth 30a and 42a to the hub portion 4| a of the driving bell 40a. of the automatically variable transmission gearset C|, whereby the transmission is established in mobilized connections for automatic operation including automatic starting of the load when the driving train is sped up. Alternately this manually controlledgearset BI is selectively operative to establish the driven shaft Ila. in twoway forward gear drive with the clutch shaft |8a l in either low or second constant ratio speeds, or

in reverse constant ratio gear, each independently of the gearing of the automatically variable transmission unit CI. A shiftable rail |33 carries a shifter fork |34 whose bifurcated end is received in a groove |35 in` the periphery of the clutch member |30, and also carries shiftable therewith a shifter fork |36 whose bifurcated end is received in a groove |31`in the periphery of the clutch member 36a. By this inter-control relation the two clutch members |30 and 30a are shiftable as one. Therefore, when the clutch 4 member |30 is in its forward position coupling the.clutch and intermediate shafts IBa and v,|32 to rotate as a unit resulting in direct drive transmission through the manually controlled .gearset BI, the clutch member'a will be in its forward position directly coupling the driving ceived in a groove |40 formed in the periphery of the hub portion of the gear 33a, isshifted forwardly, resulting in the gear 33a becoming meshed with lthe low'speedconstant ratio .countershaft pinion 30a. To establish the reverse constant ratio gear the same shift rail |33 is shifted into its rearward position thereby bringing the gear'33a into mesh with the reverse idler gear 32a.

With the shiit rail |38 in its intermediate position thereby positioning the gear 33a intermediately between the gears 30a and 32a, the shift rail |33 may be shifted into its rearward position thereby placing the clutch members |30 and 36a in their rearward positions. The result will be engagement of the internal clutch teeth |20 of the clutch member |30 with the clutch teeth |4| of the constant driven second speed constant ratio gear |42, and due to the internal teeth |23 of the clutch member |30 remaining in engagement with the clutch teeth |3| of the intermediate shaft |32, thus coupling the constant ratio 'second gear |42 to rotate with the intermediate shaft |32. -Concurrently the clutch teeth 33a and 42a will remain disengaged, still leaving the automatically `variable gearset CI in neutral, while the clutch teeth 31a of the clutch member 33a will have been moved, as a second progressive step in their engagement with the clutch teeth 35a, into an extreme rearward position therein. The selective second speed constant ratio gear |42 operates in constant mesh with a mating pinion gear |43 of the countershaft cluster of gears.l Thus I have described vthe three constant ratio gear drive and one automatic drive coupling selections of the manually controlled gearset BI of the modified transmission form illustrated in Fig. 6; f

Referring now to the automatically variable gearset C| ofthis same transmission form, the driving bell 40a is seen to have a detachably secured back plate 14a which carries the normally direct drive establishing automatic speed respon vbell 40. This particular differential in arrangement of the clutch K comes with the provision on only ltwo epicyclic gear trains DI and FI in this transmission form according to the invenbell 40a to the intermediate shaft I 32. When the 75 tion,

Since both low and second constant ratio gears are provided in the manually controlled gearset BI the automatically variable change speed range of speeds by the gearset CI are confined to two sub-ratios and a direct drive. The sub-ratios of the automatic gearset CI constitute second and third forward speeds of the transmission as compared to iirst and second constant ratio gears of the manually controlled gearset Bl.

Initially the two epicyclic gear trains DI and FI gear functioning at a time provide the initial automatically establishable gear of the automatic change speed range of approximately 2:42, while the epicyclic train F gear functioning alone following engagement of the clutch J l gives the third speed ratio of the transmission or the second speed of the automatically variable change speed range and that constitutes approximately a 1:55 ratio. These two sub-ratios of the automatic change speed range of the gearset Cl are arrived at from an assumption that the ring gear and sun gear members of both the epicyclic trains DI and FI have 81 and,45 teeth respectively. 'I'hese being the tooth ratios of the ring and sun gear members in the gearset CI, the friction brake Gl will be required to hold substantially a reactance coefficient of approximately .55 as compared to a power coefficient of 1. residing in the driving bell 401. On the same tooth ratio basis of the ring and sun gear members, in third speed or intermediate gear, only the epicyclictrain FI gear functioning, the friction clutch JI would be called upon to transmit substantially a 36 per cent apportionment of the power residing in the vdriving Another differential oi' construction in this modified exemplary embodiment of the invention over that illustrated in Fig. 1 resides in the bell 401 while the ring gear member 43a of the epicyclic train DI would directly transmit the remaining 64 per cent. In direct drive, following engagement of the clutch Kl, thev clutch JI would be called upon to transmit approximately 23 per cent of the' power residing in Ithe driving bell 401 while the ring gear member 43a of the epicyclic train DI would directly transmit approximately 41 per cent and the clutch KI would transmit the remaining 36 per cent directly to the sun gear of the epicyclic train Fl respectively of the power residing in the driving bell 40a. These ratios of power for transmission apportionment to the respective friction coupling units GI and J I in this form of transmission according to the invention still renders the use of speed responsive automatic means for energizing their respective engagements a practically applied application and the respective two sub-ratios of the automatic change speed range quite satisfactory when it is considered that the manually controlled gearset Bl provides constant gear ratios of emergency low and second forward speeds. l

A differential in this automatically variable gearset Cl over the automatically variable gearset C in Fig. 1, comes with the two epicyclic train provisions over the three epicyclic train provisions as in the automatic change speed gearset C illustrated in Fig. 1 in that, instead of a different speed ratio substituting for direct drive, when the clutch L is caused to disengageover an engaged state of the clutch K, as in the ratio, from which direct drive would normally 4 progressively establish, would reappear when the clutch LI was caused .to disengage over an engaged state `of the clutch KI.

use of a single set of centrifugal weights 16a adapted to be initially restrained by the toggle links 88a and 89a from pressing the clutch presser plate a forwardly but initially free to operate, through the heel of the feet Tia the presser plate lla, of the friction plate unit Gl rearwardly. Aside from the simplification of the use of two epicyclic trains instead of three, the single set of centrifugal weights 16a, adapted rst to automatically engage the initial drive establishing reactance brake unit Gl, and subsequently to automatically engage the first change speed effecting clutch J l, over the two sets of centrifugal weights 'i6 and 8B in the construction as in Fig. 1, presents a further simplification. An advantage in the form of units G and J and their respective actuating setsof centrifugal weights, as in Fig. 1, however is found in their more compact form with respect to longitudinal displacement, which takes on importance, especially in view of the additional longitudinal space required for the three epicyclic gear trains, as in Fig. 1.

The centrifugal forces of the weights 16a, converted to longitudinally opposite thrusts in their feet 71a will be found to cancel out in the anti-friction thrust bearing 8|@ as compared totheir cancellation point in bearing 8| in Fig. 1.

Individual one-way reactance is provided for the sun gear 44a., in this embodiment of the invention, through the one-way sub-brake unit HI and friction brake unit Gl, which permits of the gear elements of the train Dl being locked to rotate as a unit by the clutch J engaging to transitionally change the ratio from first speed to intermediate speed, leaving the elements of .the train FI gear functioning on reactance from the master one-way brake Il served by the sleeve shaft 55a.

An annulus or engageable driven clutch member 60a is mounted independently rotatable in adjacency to the back plate 14a instead of constituting an integral part of the ri-ng gear 5I of the gear train F, as in Fig. 1. This provides that the sun gear 52a is adapted to be directly connected to take its apportionment of the power from the driving bell 40a, but around the rearward end of the epicyclic gearing ensemble, instead of the ring gear Sla being directly connectable to take its apportionment of the power from the driving bell 40a, as in Fig. 1 at the forward end of the epicyclicV gearing ensemble.

The shiftable clutch member |09a of the clutch unit LI is under the same form of electrom'agnetically actuatable shifter linkage as in Fig. 1, but in this modified embodiment of the invention, the clutch .member |0911 is engageable with and has for its mating clutch member the driven engageable clutch member 60a of the automatic speed responsive clutch KI. 'I'he clutch member I09a is splined to rthe reactance sleeve shaft 55a, as compared to being splined to the hub H2 of the brake presser plate 1I in Fig. 1. While the clutches KI and LI are in series through the medium of a circuit of associate operative connections in Fig. 1, they are with the driving bell Illa and thereby the clutch Kl is adapted to establish direct drive, condi'- tionally upon the clutch LI being left in engagement or reengaged. And therefore the optional disengagement of the clutch LI, under actuation from the magnet M, is adapted to change, or veilect the so called kick down in speed ratio from high gear (direct drive) to a next-to-high gear speed ratio, as was its adaptation in Fig. 1.

In this transmission form of the invention the electro-magnetically or optionally disengageable change speed clutch LI operates directly to delock the gear elements of the final driven epicyclic train Fl to gear function to substitute a fast speed ratio under-gear or sub-ratio for direct drive, Whereas in the transmission form of the invention illustrated in Fig. 1, the electromagnetically or optionally disengageabl'e clutch L operated to directly delock the elements of the rst driving epicyclic train D and only in turn and as an indirect effect accomplished delocking ofthe 'elements of the epicyclic train F to gear function `to substitute a fast speed ratio undergear or sub-ratio for direct drive.

In this modified form of transmission, according to the invention, the sun 'gear a has a rearwardly extending sleeve shaft portion IM carrying both driven clutch disks 96a associated withthe clutch JI and retrograde reaction restrainable brake disks 12a associated with the automatic reactance establishing friction lbrake unit G-l. The mating or driving clutchdisks 95a being rotatable with the driving bell 40a.

' While the mating brake disks 13a are rotatable' with the annulus |03a of the one-way stop subbrake unit HI. `Accordingly, the mating brake disks 13a receive reactance to prevent retro- "a by thrusting the brake presser plate lla rearwardly through the medium of the thrust bearing 19a. Consequently the brake unit Gl becomes engaged in accordance with 'the increasing speed of the driving train to and including the ring gear 43a and the load manifesting in the planet gears 49a. Hence the reactance 'train between the sun gear a and the master ance connections to its individual reaction sun grade rotation of the brake'dis 12a and sun gear Ma, when the elements of e brake unit GII become automatically energized in engagement, from the master one-way stop brake Il through the medium of the sleeve shaft 55a and one-way sub-brake Hl. This arrangement provides for individual overrunning at the one-way sub-brake H-l when the clutch J operates to lock the sun gear "a to rotate with the driving Assuming the clutch shaft |8a to be coupled to the engine by the spring clutch A (see Figures 1 or 12) and the clutches |30 and 36a to be in their forward positions in which they are shown, the transmission will be preselected or established for automatic drive. The-driving connections will be mobilized from the engine shaft through to the driven shaftA Ila whichflatter represents the propeller shaft. -of the vehicle. 'I'he idling status of these mobilized driving connections attending idling rotation of the engine, without incurring propulsion upon the driven shaft Ila, will be that the train comprising the clutch shaft Isa, clutch member |30, intermediate shaft |32, clutch member 36a and driving bell a and primary drive ring gear 43a rotatable therewith all rotating at engine speed. Absorbing this idling speed of rotation will bethe sun reaction gear a rtating retrograde as permitted by the disengaged status of the clutch and brake friction unitsJ I and GI. Y

Desiring to start the'vehicle, the operator accelerates the engine. In turn the driving train including the ring gear 43a accelerates in speed with the engine. This in turn results in the centrifugal weights 16a overcoming the springs gear 52a through the medium of the sleeve shaft 55a from the master one-way brake Il, now opcrates to give a further speed reduction and torque multiplication and rotates the driven shaft |'|a forwardly at approximately 2:42 reduction relative to the speed of the engine and the driving train therefrom up to the ring gear 43a of the first driving epicyclic train D l.

Since, in this modified transmission form, according to the invention, the first gear ratio of the automatic range constitutes a second speed, ratherv than a low speed as in the transmission `form illustrated in Fig. 1 wherein four forward speeds constitute the automatic change speed range, this relatively fasterinitial gear ratio in which the vehicle is started may be retained until the vehicle has attained 20 to 25 M. P. H. Accordingly, the spring element |45 is given a tension coemcient which will prevent the toggle links 88a and 89a collapsing out of their deadcenter state until their carried rotation reaches a speed corresponding', in first automatically established gear, to 20 to,25 M. P. H. speed of the vehicle. Whereupon the pent up centrifugal forces oi?l the centrifugal weights 16a in clutch presser plate 85a, following initial function of weights 16a4 in energizing engagement of the brake unit GI,l become operable to thrust the clutch presser `plate 85a forwardly causing the engagement of the clutch` J with minimized slip, even under torque. The result is the direct coupling of the sun gear a rotatable with the driving bell 40a, consequently the locking of the gear elements of the epicyclic train DI to rotate as a unit, leaving the epicyclic train FI singularly. gear functioning, whereby the gear ratio between the engine shaft |6a an'd the driven shaft Ila is speed responsively automatically changed from 2:42 to 1:55, or intermediate automatic gear,

Like the second gear ratio of the four automatic speeds r'ange of the form illustrated in Fig. 1. this intermediate speed ratio is adapted to be retained indefinitely and is so brought under the optional control of the operator by the automatic speed responsive clutch KI which requir u porary reduction in the speedA of the driving me u ber relative to the driven member in order for its two clutch members to reach substantial synchronism and become centrifugally engaged by those forces residing in the parts 59a.

vTo obtain the automatic change from-the intermediate speed to direct drive, the operator will relax the accelerator momentarily, suiiiciently to incur a temporary reduction in the speed of the driving train being those parts from and including the engine shaft Il to and including the ring Acyclic train FI.

gear Ia of the now exclusively loose epicyclic train FI, relative to the constant speed of the driven shaft I'Ia. As a result, the sungear 52a will be accelerated in forward rotation off of its one-way reaction seat in the one-way brake II, carrying with it the normally spring engaged dog or jaw clutch unit LI and in turn the engageable driven clutch member 60a of the clutch unit KI. Almost instantly the parts 59a. and 60a will reach synchronism enabling engagement of the parts 59a with, and into the slots 68a of, the clutch member 60a. The accelerator is again actuated to any degree of engine throttle opening desired to find the gear elements of both epicyclic trains DI and FI locked to rotate as a vunit. Hencetorque-reversal automatic change speed from intermediate sub-ratio to direct drive =has been accomplished.

At any time and at any vehicle speed while direct drive is prevailing, the drive connection resultant of the function of the automatic speed responsive clutch KI may be abnormally disestablished to revert theautomatically variable gearset CI back to intermediate speed sub-ratio gear function. This is the object of the normally spring engaged clutch LI being arranged so that its disengagement would abnormally cancel out the normal result of an engaged state of the normally direct drive establishing clutch KI.

Accordingly, to cause the automatically variable gearset CI to revert from direct drive to intermediate speed, the operator will depress the accelerator, governing the position'of the engine throttle, to or beyond a certain position to incidentally close a circuit by which the magnet MI would be supplied with electrical energy, or resort to some other suitable method of optionally supplying the magnet MI withV energy. In turn the magnet MI would operate to straighten the toggle links I IGa and IIIa out longitudinally, consequently actuating the shifter head Illa to slide rearwardly over the xed rail I I3a, taking with it the clutch member Ill9a out of an engaged position with the member 60a. This function is accomplishable almost instantly. It leaves the clutch KI engaged but frees the sleeve shaft 55a and integral sun gear 52a to come to rest, tending to rotate retrograde, on the one-way brake operable seat in the master brake unit II, under the influence of forward rotative efforts direct drive ratio applying to and through the ring gear 5Ia of the epicyclic train FI from the driving bell 40a through the clutched locked state of the epi- Under these conditions the epicyclic train FI resumes gear function giving the intermediate speed ratio while the'epicyclic train DI remains locked by the engaged clutch J I Since the clutch members 60a and |0911. of the now disengaged clutchl LI are adapted to engage under the influence of the spring I2 la, only when they are operated in substantial synchronism, the thus optional reversion of the automatically variable gearset CI to gear drive at intermediate speed ratio may be retained at any rate of power operation of the engine short of that which would permit a temporary reduction in the speed of the driving train relative to the3driven shaft Ila.

Desiring direct drive to automatically reestablish, the operator will repeat the practice of relaxing the accelerator to obtain a temporary reduction of the driving train relative to the driven shaft I'Ia and consequently the spring reengagement of the clutch LI when its two clutch members reach substantial synchronism.

When the vehicle is reduced in speed to approximately 10 M. P. H.. the parts 59a will move inwardly out of engagement with the clutch member 60a under the influence of their springs 62a, and the epicyclic train FI will again be singularly gear functional to resume the vehicle drive at the intermediate speed ratio. W'hen the vehicle is further reduced in speed to approximately 5 M. P. lH.the centrifugal force value of the weights 16a will be such that the spring element |45 acting on the toggle link 88a. will reestablish the links 88a and 89a in dead center positions.

thereby fully opening the clutch J I and-in turn loosening the elements of the epicyclic trainfDI forqgear function. The yautomatically variable gearset C'I thus is automatically revertible to rst speed ratio at approximately 5 M. P. H.

' Below this vehicle speed a corresponding speed of the driving bell 40a. would be such that the force of the centrifugal weights 16a would be insuflicient to maintain engagement of the brake unit GI. Therefore, the automatically variable gearset C I automatically establishes in neutral below 5 M. P.H., providing the engine is not under acceler.. ation, but remains mobilized to resume the drive of the vehicle upon the engine being accelerated above idling speeds. Thus I have described the operations of the three forward speed automatically variable gearset CI of the form of transmission, according to the invention, as illustrated in Fig. 6.

The transmission form in Fig. 12

This transmission form represents a simplification of the general constructions over those illustrated in Figures 1 and 6 and embodies most of the principal features disclosed in these other forms according to the invention. The gen-l eral arrangement is substantially identical. It minimizes manually selective gears in the manually controlled gearset B2 to an emergency low and a reverse, and direct drive coupling for establishment of the automatically variable change speed gearset C2. It also minimizes the normally progressively automatic drive control functions in the automatically variable gearset C2 to centrifugally automatically operable reactance application to initially constrain the epicyclic gearing to initially assume propulsion of the driven shaft IIb and the load at an automatic starting speed ratio that approximates 2:31; and to a torque-reversely controlled automatic speed responsive clutch control for establishing direct drive normally succeeding the automatic starting speed ratio of 2:31. With the electro-magnetically disengageable elements to establish an optional intermediate speed ratio of approximately 1:52. These gear ratios are arrived at on the basis of the ring gear members and the sun reaction or pivotal gear members of both the illustrated epicyclic gear trains having '75 and 39 teeth respectively. Accordingly, the speed responsively automatically engageable friction brake unit G2, .for automatically establishing the vehicle starting gear ratio, andadapted to hold the reaction of the sun gear member IMb of the first driving epicyclic train D2 and having a .55 lever arm value as com-- v sion. retains the use of speed responsive automatic means for energizing engagement of the friction reactance establishing brakev a practically applied application.

The gears and operations in the manually controlled gearset B2 are identical with those 5 found in the manually controlled gearset B as in Fig, 1, save for the ratio of the selective constant ratio forward gear drive, that is, of gears 39h, 29h, 30h and 33h giving a low speed ratio in the transmission form as in Fig. 12, as compared to the gears 39, 29, and 33 giving a second speed constant ratio forward drive in the transmission form as in Fig. 1; and further, the adaptation of the clutch teeth 31h of the clutch member 36h to engage the clutch tooth propor- 15 tioned ends |46 of the gear teeth of the clutch shaft gear 39h when the clutch member 36h is in its forward position, while the clutch teeth 38h are also engaged with clutch teeth h, accordingly providing for manually establishing a con- 20 stant vdirect drive directly between the clutch and driven shafts lBb and Iib while the automatically variable gearset Cb is consequently established in neutral by the forward position of the clutch member 36h.

lustrated and hereinbefore described as in Fig. 12.

Instead of the one-way sub-brake H2 being associated with the gear box 58h through the in- 3 termediary medium of the sleeve shaft h and master one-way brake I2 as in the forms oi? transmission illustrated in Figures 1 and 6, in this form the sub-brake H2 is directly associated wtih the gear box 58h by means of an in- 3 ternally cammed annulus ili2b tted and secured as a spacer between the gear box 58h and the end of the gear box 56h. This independency of the sub-one-way brake H2 with respect to the 25 The friction brake unit G2 is identical as ilv master one-way brake I2 is necessary because .m

of the clutch L2 being arranged between one member of the one-way sub-brake H2 and the sleeve shaft 5517.' It will be seen that in the event the operator should cause disengagement of the clutch L2 before or during gear function 45 vof the first driving epicyclic train D2, the sub one-way brake H2, because of its independency of the sleeve shaft 55h and master brake I2 to attain reaction from the stationary ,element (gear box 58h) will maintain operable to give in- 50 dividual reactance to the sun gear of the epicyclic train D2.

.Since the clutch L2 is normally operating and effective to couple the sun gear members of the two epicyclic trains D2 and F2 together, engage- 55 ment of the clutch K2 will render the iinal connection necessary to-connect the gear elements of the full complement of trains D2 and F2 to rotate as arunit. Accordingly, this form of transreversal obtains engagement of the clutch L2. The operator can therefore control this automatically variable gearset C2 to give three progressive speeds, i. e., an intermediate speed step from first speed, and later the step to direct drive. This is considered a natural controlled variance because, if the operator requires substantially full power, after he has caused a temporary torque-reversal to obtain the automatic change out of the first automatic Speed, he will depress the accelerator appreciably, and with the accelerator adapted to operate a circuit closing implement whereby the magnet M2 will be energized, the clutch L2 will be actuated out cf engagement, so that intermediate speed would automatically substitute for direct drive as a successor for the first automatic speed. Also, when the full or near full power is no longer required the operator will relax the accelerator, and if this relaxation'is temporarily suiilcient to obtain a temporary torque-reversal, the clutch L2 will engage, under the influence of the spring I2Ib and when its two clutch members reach substantial synchronism, and consequently establish direct drive.

Intermediate speed results of the epicyclic trai F2` exclusively gear functioning under the direct input function of the clutch K2 to the ring gear Sib, conditionally upon the clutch L2 being disengaged. It will be seen therefore that while this form of transmission according to the general spirit of the invention omits the clutch J that is adapted in the transmission forms illustratedin Figures 1 and 6, to automatically engage under-torque to cause the first automatic step up in speed ratio, it still provides for a three speed getaway from a standing start, if the operator will manipulate the accelerator as described when he wishes intermediate speed to succeed first speed instead of direct drive.

A further variance of parts arrangements in this transmission form of the invention is the arrangement of the spring I2ib acting directly upon the slidable clutch member |091) of the clutch L2.

Since the one-way sub-brake H2 in this transmission form is adapted to act directly upon the stationary element, as well as the master one-way brake I2 being directly associated with the stationary element, the stationary member of the sub one-way brake H2 constitutes the cammed element as in the master brake, I2.

mission according to the invention steps from 60 the torque-reversal, which obtains en agement of the clutch K2, the accelerator is epressed far enough toincidentally close a circuit whereby the electro-magnet M2 will receive electrical energy and eect the disengagement of ofthe clutch K2, this form of transmission ac- I ,-cording-to the'invention will in reality succeed first speed with intermediate speed, and retain the clutch L2. If this is practiced immediately 70 f following torquefr'eversal to btain 'engagement Automatic range in Fig. 12

To establish the transmission in automatic range, the clutch pedal (not shown) is depressed to disengage-the clutch A2 as customary while the clutch'member Nb is being shifted into its rearward position engaging clutch teeth l'lb with clutch'teeth Mb and engaging clutch teeth lib with clutch teeth 42h. This establishes the driving bell Mb in direct drive coupling to rotate with the engine crankshaft ylib when the clutch A2 is allowed to reengage. Whereupon releasing the clutch pedal to permit the clutch A2 to reengage while the engine is maintained at idling speeds finds the sun gear Mb rotating backwards as .permitted by a disengaged state of the friction brake unitG2. The transmission is now selected in mobilization to drive the driven shaft lib when reactance is established to the sun gear'llb.

Notwithstanding that the transmission is selected in gear and the master clutch A is engaged, the rese-tance establishing brake G2.,being' i intermediate' speed until a repetition of torque- 754 operableonly when the driving bell ub, that is 

